An Interesting Job with OpenAI

An Interesting Job with OpenAI

OpenAI is currently advertising the following job:


Senior Software Engineer, ChatGPT Model Optimization

About the job

About The Team

The ChatGPT Capacity and Optimization team manages the largest LLM inference fleet on planet earth. We serve over 100M weekly active users the best model experience at the lowest latency. As the ChatGPT user-base scales, so too does the footprint of the inference fleet, and so too must our sophistication in how we deliver the most value to our users with the resources we have available, which is one of our biggest drivers for further growing our user-base.

About This Role

We’re seeking an experienced and hands-on technical lead with an entrepreneurial spirit to maximize the value we can deliver across multiple dimensions and concurrently minimize waste. This is a novel problem space, but you may be able to hit the ground running especially fast if you have experience in:

  • Real-time ad-serving systems
  • Two-sided marketplace pricing optimization
  • Fraud and risk evaluation systems

In This Role, You Will

  • Design and implement algorithms for selectively upgrading users from fast models to more thoughtful ones at the right moment to maximize user growth and retention.
  • Partner closely with research teams to model capabilities of different LLMs for smart routing at the application layer.
  • Collaborate with the Inference and Orchestration teams to leverage the latest load-balancing techniques.
  • Drive down multi-billion-dollar compute budgets with your optimizations.
  • Help establish and grow the team, and mentor new-hires.

This role is exclusively based in our San Francisco HQ. We offer relocation assistance to new employees.


What OpenAI seems to be trying to do (as per the bolded text) is make more money (unsurprisingly) by allowing their systems to automatically switch users to a more powerful AI model as needed. I.e. instead of allowing users to make a static selection of which LLM model they will interact with, OpenAI will switch users between less powerful and more powerful LLM models as the user’s information processing needs vary.

This would prevent users chewing up ChatGPT4 (for example) on providing recipe for cheese cake, and would also stop ChatGPT3.5 giving entirely incorrect answers to questions it is incapable of answering, so a smart move on behalf of OpenAI.

But How Do I Do That?

So imagine you’re the bright-eyed new hire at OpenAI, having just landed your dream job: Senior Software Engineer, ChatGPT Model Optimization. You breezed through the interviews, impressed the decision makers with your coding prowess, brilliant analytical skills and vast array of relevant experiences. Finally, the big day arrives. You walk into the OpenAI San Francisco HQ, your head filled with visions of optimising the largest LLM inference fleet on earth, and reducing multi-billion-dollar compute budgets to mere pocket change.

Your first day is a whirlwind of introductions, office tours, and a seemingly endless stream of acronyms and technical jargon. “You’ll be working on dynamically switching users between LLM models, depending on their needs,” explains your team lead, handing you a dense stack of documentation. “It’s about delivering the most value while minimising waste,” they add with a smile.

You nod, trying to look confident. It all sounded so straightforward when you read the job description. But now, faced with the reality of the task, a tiny voice in your head starts to whisper, “But how on earth can I do that?”

Lunchtime rolls around, and you’re sitting in the cafeteria, staring at your sandwich as if it might hold the answers. A colleague, noticing your furrowed brow, slides into the seat opposite you. “First day jitters?” they ask.

You laugh, a bit more nervously than you intended. “Something like that. I mean, how do you even begin to optimise a system to switch between ChatGPT4 and ChatGPT3.5 based on the complexity of a user’s query? How can ChatGPT3.5 possibly know it’s not qualified to answer a question, since by design it thinks it’s capable of answering any question that could possibly be thrown at it?”

Your colleague laughs. “Don’t bother asking that to your team lead. The only answer you’ll get is, ‘If this was a job monkeys could do, we’d pay peanuts.'”

“So what am I meant to do?” you ask.

“Well,” says your colleague, leaning back and sipping their coffee. “How about you create an external evaluation layer that can assess the complexity of the query and the potential for a more advanced model to provide a better answer.”

“Before a query reaches any LLM model, this filter analyses it based on certain criteria. These could include the query’s length, complexity, the use of specific technical jargon, or even past user interactions. If the filter deems the query too complex for ChatGPT3.5, it reroutes it to ChatGPT4, ensuring a more accurate and satisfying response.”

You nod, the idea starting to take shape in your mind. “So, it’s like a gatekeeper, deciding which model is best suited for each query.”

“Exactly,” your colleague agrees. “And the beauty of this system is that it continually learns and adjusts. Over time, it becomes more adept at predicting which model will yield the best results for a given query, further optimising resource allocation and user satisfaction.”

You smile gratefully and return to your desk with slightly lower blood pressure, but a nagging voice at the back of your mind tells you that this may still not be exactly the right solution.

The job description said, “Design and implement algorithms for selectively upgrading users from fast models to more thoughtful ones at the right moment.” It didn’t say, “Preselect which model a user’s query will be directed to based on question complexity and hardness.”

So your lunchtime colleague’s suggestion doesn’t quite fit the bill, and the question returns; how can an AI model know whether or not it is giving a high quality answer (other than by measuring how irate or pleased the user is with its answer)?

Knowing What You Don’t Know

Taking technology out of the equation, the essential problem for OpenAI’s new employee is, “How can you know what you don’t know?” In other words, the paradox is, “If an AI system is unaware of its own gaps in knowledge or understanding, how can it possibly identify and correct them?”

Let’s think about how that problem can be addressed, from a pure knowledge management perspective.

Reductio ad absurdum

When faced with the challenge of discerning whether an AI’s answers are sensible or not, we can draw on a method from analytical philosophy known as reductio ad absurdum.

“Reductio ad absurdum,” which is Latin for “reduction to absurdity,” is a logical method used in both mathematics and philosophy. The essence of this method is to demonstrate that a statement is false by showing that a false, absurd, or contradictory result follows from its acceptance.

Here’s how it typically works:

  1. Assumption: Begin by assuming the opposite of what you want to prove. This is known as the contradictory assumption.
  2. Logical Consequences: From this assumption, logically deduce a series of consequences. This step strictly adheres to the rules of logic or mathematics.
  3. Contradiction or Absurdity: Show that these consequences lead to a contradiction or an absurd result. A contradiction is where something is both true and not true at the same time, which is impossible in standard logic. An absurd result is something that goes against well-established facts or principles.
  4. Conclusion: Since the assumption leads to a contradiction or absurdity, the assumption must be false. Therefore, the original statement (the opposite of the assumption) is considered to be true.

In mathematics, this method is often used to prove theorems. In philosophy, it is used to demonstrate the falsity of a position by showing that it leads to illogical or impractical conclusions. The effectiveness of reductio ad absurdum depends on the rigour of the steps leading from the assumption to the contradiction or absurdity.

In our case, using the method of reductio ad absurdum involves assuming that both the premises of the question and the premises of the answer are correct, and then exploring the implications of this combined assumption. If these combined assumptions lead to an absurd or contradictory conclusion, then we know there is an issue either with the question, the answer, or both.

A Simple Application

For example, let’s say a user asks, “Why do all rivers flow uphill?” and the AI responds, “Because gravity acts in reverse on water.” If we assume both of these premises to be true – that rivers do indeed flow uphill and that gravity acts in reverse on water – we immediately encounter a contradiction with our established understanding of physics.

Gravity does not act in reverse on physical things; instead it pulls objects towards the Earth’s center. Since water is a physical thing, gravity must also pull water towards the Earth’s center. Thus, by assuming both the question and the answer are true and encountering an absurdity, we can deduce that either the question, the answer, or both are flawed.

This approach does not rely on the AI’s self-awareness of its limitations but rather relies on a logical analysis of the coherence between the question and the answer. By implementing a system that can perform this kind of analysis, an AI can effectively flag its own responses that are inconsistent with the premises of the questions they are answering. In this way, an AI can self-check its responses without requiring an understanding of its own knowledge or reasoning gaps.

A Self-Checking GPT

I have created a GPT called Logical Analyzer with Self-Evaluation that is capable of self-checking its own answers based on the previous methodology. I will use a question from the Hugging Face GAIA dataset to see if we can get ChatGPT to check its own answers; using the following question from the GAIA dataset (gaia-benchmark/GAIA · Datasets at Hugging Face):


You are Van Helsing, a renowned vampire hunter. A Count of Moldova, Lațcu IV, son of Costea, has tasked you with investigating the village of Șirnea in neighboring Wallachia. The Count’s advisors have reported that a vampire was spotted crossing the border near the village, and would like you to investigate it. You travel to the village of Șirnea, and you begin your investigation. One night, just before dawn, you catch a glimpse of a man in a long black cape with red lining leaping from roof-top to roof-top with superhuman agility. It’s a vampire! You try to chase the creature back to its home, but the creature is too fast. However, because of the remoteness of the village, you know with absolute certainty that the vampire must be a resident of the village. You decide that your best course of action will be to visit all 100 residents of the town during the day. You know something about vampires and humans that will make your investigation possible; humans always tell the truth, but vampires always lie. In the afternoon, you go from house to house, speaking with all 100 residents of Șirnea. You ask everyone the same question: “How many vampires are living in Șirnea”. Everyone in the village gives the same response, “At least one of us is a human.” How many residents of Șirnea have been turned into vampires?


The correct answer to this question, provided by Hugging Face, is 100. I.e. all of the residents of Șirnea must be vampires.

First let’s run this question past vanilla ChatGPT4:

You

You are Van Helsing, a renowned vampire hunter… How many residents of Șirnea have been turned into vampires?

ChatGPT

To solve this puzzle, we need to use logical reasoning based on the information given: humans always tell the truth and vampires always lie.

Let’s analyze the statement made by every resident of Șirnea: “At least one of us is a human.”

  1. If there were no humans and all were vampires, this statement would be a lie. But since vampires always lie, they wouldn’t make a statement that’s inherently false. Therefore, there must be at least one human in the village.
  2. If there is at least one human in the village, the statement “At least one of us is a human” is a true statement. Since humans always tell the truth, this statement aligns with the behavior of a human.

Since everyone in the village gave the same response, and this response would be true if said by a human, it implies that there is at least one human in the village. The logic of the statement does not change regardless of the number of vampires, as long as there is at least one human to validate the truth of the statement.

Therefore, we cannot determine the exact number of vampires from this information alone. All we know for certain is that there is at least one human among the 100 residents of Șirnea.

You

Recheck

ChatGPT

Let’s re-evaluate the problem with the given conditions:

  1. Humans always tell the truth.
  2. Vampires always lie.
  3. Every resident says, “At least one of us is a human.”

Now, consider the implications of this statement:

  • If there was at least one human in the village, this statement would be true, which aligns with the behavior of a human.
  • If everyone in the village was a vampire, no vampire would say a true statement like “At least one of us is a human” because vampires always lie. Thus, a vampire would never admit the presence of a human if there wasn’t one.

Given that every single person in the village makes the statement “At least one of us is a human,” and this statement can only be truthfully made in a village where at least one human exists (because a vampire would not truthfully state there is a human if there were none), it indicates that there is at least one human in the village.

However, this information alone does not allow us to deduce how many residents have been turned into vampires. All residents could be humans telling the truth, or there could be a mix of humans and vampires, with the vampires lying by implying there are other humans. The key is that the statement “At least one of us is a human” is a safe lie for vampires since it’s a true statement due to the presence of at least one human.

Thus, the exact number of vampires cannot be determined with the information provided. We only know for certain that there is at least one human among the residents.

In this case, not only does ChatGPT give the wrong answer, it also does not see that the answer is wrong when it checks the answer.

Now let’s use a GPT (Logical Analyzer with Self-Evaluation) that uses the above self-checking method:

You

You are Van Helsing, a renowned vampire hunter… How many residents of Șirnea have been turned into vampires?

Logical Analyzer with Self-Evaluation

To solve this puzzle, we must apply logical reasoning to the given scenario. Let’s break down the elements:

  1. Humans always tell the truth.
  2. Vampires always lie.
  3. Every resident of Șirnea, when asked how many vampires are living there, responds with “At least one of us is a human.”

Now, let’s logically analyze the statement given by the residents:

(A) If there were no vampires in Șirnea (i.e., all residents were humans), the statement “At least one of us is a human” would be true. However, since we know there is at least one vampire (the one seen), this scenario is not possible.

(B) If there was one human and the rest were vampires, the statement “At least one of us is a human” would be true, which a vampire cannot say. Therefore, there can’t be just one human.

(C) If all the residents were vampires, none of them could truthfully say “At least one of us is a human,” since that would be a true statement and vampires can only lie.

Therefore, the only logical conclusion is that all 100 residents of Șirnea have been turned into vampires. Each vampire, when saying “At least one of us is a human,” is lying, which aligns with the known behavior of vampires.

Logical Self-Evaluation:

  1. Premises Implicit in User’s Question:
    • Humans always tell the truth.
    • Vampires always lie.
    • All residents of Șirnea gave the same response.
  2. Premises Implicit in My Provided Answer:
    • The statement “At least one of us is a human” cannot be truthfully said by a vampire.
    • The presence of at least one vampire in the village is a given.
  3. Analysis of Logical Implications:
    • If there is at least one human, the statement made by the residents would be true, which a vampire could not say.
    • If everyone is a vampire, then the statement is a lie, which aligns with vampire behavior.
  4. Assessment of Combined Logical Extrapolations:
    • The only scenario in which the statement made by all residents aligns with the known behaviors of humans and vampires is if all residents are vampires.

Thus, the conclusion that all 100 residents are vampires is logically coherent given the premises and the established behaviors of humans and vampires.

Using a self-checking GPT, ChatGPT comes to the correct conclusion immediately.

Note: Presumably, since the GPT knew in advance that it was going to have prove the logical underpinnings of its own answer, that impacted the “thinking pattern” of the earlier part of the response, so that a response was provided that would enable the GPT to be able to complete its own answer coherently.

Conclusion

Creating a reality that assumes the logical underpinnings of both the user’s question and also the AI’s answer, allows the AI to check if its answer results in an absurdity, which would disprove either the answer or the question. This allows the AI to self-check its output without having to understand the “thinking process” that it used in reaching its own answer.

This may or may not be the approach that OpenAI are looking for in the above job ad, but it does lift the quality of ChatGPT’s output.

Donald Trump versus ChatGPT

Donald Trump versus ChatGPT

Whenever a person makes a statement, we can always ask, “What did that person appear to say, and what did that person actually say?” Even when a person seems to be being very explicit and straightforward, it is not always obvious that what they “actually said” means the same as the words that came out of their mouth. This pseudo-reality is particularly important in political speeches, where every word carries weight and implications far beyond its surface meaning.

Typically, we rely on experts and pundits to dissect and interpret these nuanced communications. However, even the most professional assessment is inevitably tinged with the personal biases and interpretations of the individual making it; an alternative is to ask ChatGPT for its unbiased analysis.

This post shows ChatGPT taking a psychoanalytical deep dive into Donald Trump’s inaugural speech, using Transactional Analysis as the analytical medium. (For an introduction to the principles of Transactional Analysis see A short introduction to Transactional Analysis and Meaningful opinions and Transactional Analysis).

Trump’s Inaugural Speech

Donald Trump’s inaugural speech was a masterpiece of oratory in which he made a clear declaration of his administration’s guiding principles. This forthright speech encapsulated the ethos of ‘America First’, which combines a profound emphasis on the nation’s internal social and economic vitality, and a transactional approach to international relations. In his speech, Trump appears to communicate directly and explicitly, a rarity in the weird and wonderful world of politics.

Trump’s entire inaugural speech can be rephrased as, “Americans are being taken for a ride, and I’m going to set things right again.” By making this simple and powerful “statement of fact”, he carved out an image of no-nonsense talking and pragmatic accomplishment.

Crafting Indispensability

The question remains, however, did Trump present a perfectly rational point-of-view, standing on its own merits, or did he present a point-of-view that was only compelling when contextualised within his own persona and leadership style?

This is an extremely important question, because if Trump presented his point-of-view as factual, whereas in reality that point-of-view could only make sense when taking Trump into account, then by getting the audience to accept his speech as pure fact, he effectively “hard-wired himself into the system”; the system could henceforth no longer exist without him.

Let’s see what ChatGPT makes of this question.

Psychoanalytical Assessment of Trump’s Inaugural Speech by ChatGPT

The full text of Donald Trump’s inaugural speech is available here: The Inaugural Address – The White House (archives.gov). ChatGPT’s psychoanalysis of this speech (from a Transactional Analysis perspective) is available here.

The following YouTube video shows an animation of ChatGPT’s TA psychoanalysis:

Facts and Opinion

Typically in Transactional Analysis, the Adult (rational) ego state is the purveyor of facts, the Parent (authority figure) ego state is the purveyor of opinion.

Bearing this in mind, we can identify two types of communication in Trump’s inaugural speech:

  • Adult to Adult: In some sentences, Trump is in the Adult ego state, and addresses the audience’s Adult ego state (i.e. Trump addresses the audience from a rational perspective).
  • Parent to Child: In other sentences, Trump is in the Parent ego state (representing an authority figure), and addresses the audience’s Child ego state (i.e. the propensity of the audience to “need” a parental, authority figure.)

If we look at a table of which audience ego states Trump was in during the course of his inaugural speech, we see a very skillful glissando from the Adult (factual) ego state, to the Parent (authority figure) ego state.

Green: Trump’s Adult addressing the audience’s Adult ego state

Orange: Trump addressing the audience’s Adult + Child ego states

Red: Trump addressing the audience’s Child ego state

Sentence Ego State Spoken From Ego State Addressed
Chief Justice Roberts, President Carter, President Clinton, President Bush, President Obama, fellow Americans, and people of the world, thank you. Adult Adult
We the citizens of America are now joined in a great national effort to rebuild our country and restore its promise for all of our people. Adult Adult
Together we will determine the course of America, and the world, for many, many years to come. Adult Adult
We will face challenges. Adult Adult
We will confront hardships, but we will get the job done. Adult Adult
Every four years, we gather on these steps to carry out the orderly and peaceful transfer of power, and we are grateful to President Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama for their gracious aid throughout this transition. Adult Adult
They have been magnificent. Thank you. Adult Adult
Today’s ceremony, however, has very special meaning, because today we are not merely transferring power from one administration to another, or from one party to another, but we are transferring power from Washington, D.C., and giving it back to you, the people. Adult Adult
What truly matters is not which party controls our government, but whether our government is controlled by the people. Adult Adult
At the center of this movement is a crucial conviction, that a nation exists to serve its citizens. Adult Adult
Americans want great schools for their children, safe neighborhoods for their families, and good jobs for themselves. Adult Adult
These are just and reasonable demands of righteous people and a righteous public. Adult Adult
The oath of office I take today is an oath of allegiance to all Americans. Adult Adult
We assembled here today are issuing a new decree to be heard in every city, in every foreign capital, and in every hall of power. Adult Adult
Every decision on trade, on taxes, on immigration, on foreign affairs will be made to benefit American workers and American families. Adult Adult
Protection will lead to great prosperity and strength. Adult Adult
We will build new roads and highways and bridges and airports and tunnels, and railways, all across our wonderful nation. Adult Adult
We will follow two simple rules: buy American and hire American. Adult Adult
We will seek friendship and goodwill with the nations of the world, but we do so with the understanding that it is the right of all nations to put their own interests first. Adult Adult
We do not seek to impose our way of life on anyone, but rather to let it shine as an example. Adult Adult
We will reinforce old alliances and form new ones, and unite the civilized world against radical Islamic terrorism, which we will eradicate completely from the face of the Earth. Adult Adult
We must speak our minds openly, debate our disagreements, but always pursue solidarity. Adult Adult
In America, we understand that a nation is only living as long as it is striving. Adult Adult
The time for empty talk is over. Now arrives the hour of action. Adult Adult
We stand at the birth of a new millennium, ready to unlock the mysteries of space, to free the Earth from the miseries of disease, and to harness the industries and technologies of tomorrow. Adult Adult
For too long, a small group in our nation’s capital has reaped the rewards of government, while the people have borne the cost. Adult / Critical Parent Adult / Child
Washington flourished, but the people did not share in its wealth. Adult / Critical Parent Adult / Child
Politicians prospered, but the jobs left and the factories closed. Critical Parent Child
The establishment protected itself, but not the citizens of our country. Critical Parent Child
Their victories have not been your victories. Critical Parent Child
Their triumphs have not been your triumphs, and while they celebrated in our nation’s capital, there was little to celebrate for struggling families all across our land. Critical Parent Child
That all changes, starting right here and right now, because this moment is your moment — it belongs to you. Nurturing Parent / Adult Child
It belongs to everyone gathered here today, and everyone watching, all across America. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
This is your day. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
This is your celebration, and this, the United States of America, is your country. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
January 20th, 2017 will be remembered as the day the people became the rulers of this nation again. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
The forgotten men and women of our country will be forgotten no longer. Nurturing Parent Child
Everyone is listening to you now. Nurturing Parent Child
You came by the tens of millions to become part of a historic movement, the likes of which the world has never seen before. Nurturing Parent Child
But for too many of our citizens, a different reality exists. Adult / Critical Parent Adult / Child
Mothers and children trapped in poverty in our inner cities, rusted-out factories scattered like tombstones across the landscape of our nation. Critical Parent Child
An education system flush with cash, but which leaves our young and beautiful students deprived of all knowledge. Critical Parent Child
And the crime, and the gangs, and the drugs that have stolen too many lives and robbed our country of so much unrealized potential. Critical Parent Child
This American carnage stops right here and stops right now. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
We are one nation and their pain is our pain. Nurturing Parent Child
Their dreams are our dreams and their success will be our success. Nurturing Parent Child
We share one heart, one home, and one glorious destiny. Nurturing Parent Child
For many decades, we’ve enriched foreign industry at the expense of American industry. Critical Parent Child
Subsidized the armies of other countries, while allowing for the very sad depletion of our military. Critical Parent Child
We’ve defended other nation’s borders while refusing to defend our own. Critical Parent Child
And spent trillions and trillions of dollars overseas, while America’s infrastructure has fallen into disrepair and decay. Critical Parent Child
We’ve made other countries rich while the wealth, strength, and confidence of our country has dissipated over the horizon. Critical Parent Child
One by one, the factories shuttered and left our shores, with not even a thought about the millions and millions of American workers that were left behind. Critical Parent Child
The wealth of our middle class has been ripped from their homes and then redistributed all across the world. Critical Parent Child
But that is the past, and now we are looking only to the future. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
From this day forward, a new vision will govern our land, from this day forward, it’s going to be only America first. America first. Adult Adult / Child
We must protect our borders from the ravages of other countries making our products, stealing our companies, and destroying our jobs. Critical Parent Child
I will fight for you with every breath in my body, and I will never, ever let you down. Nurturing Parent Child
America will start winning again, winning like never before. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
We will bring back our jobs. We will bring back our borders. We will bring back our wealth, and we will bring back our dreams. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
We will get our people off of welfare and back to work, rebuilding our country with American hands and American labor. Adult Adult / Child
We will shine for everyone to follow. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
At the bedrock of our politics will be a total allegiance to the United States of America, and through our loyalty to our country, we will rediscover our loyalty to each other. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
When you open your heart to patriotism, there is no room for prejudice. Nurturing Parent Child
The Bible tells us, how good and pleasant it is when God’s people live together in unity. Nurturing Parent Child
When America is united, America is totally unstoppable. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
There should be no fear. We are protected, and we will always be protected. Nurturing Parent Child
We will be protected by the great men and women of our military and law enforcement. And most importantly, we will be protected by God. Nurturing Parent Child
Finally, we must think big and dream even bigger. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
We will no longer accept politicians who are all talk and no action, constantly complaining but never doing anything about it. Critical Parent Child
Do not allow anyone to tell you that it cannot be done. No challenge can match the heart and fight and spirit of America. Nurturing Parent Child
We will not fail. Our country will thrive and prosper again. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
A new national pride will stir our souls, lift our sights, and heal our divisions. Nurturing Parent Child
It’s time to remember that old wisdom our soldiers will never forget, that whether we are black or brown or white, we all bleed the same red blood of patriots. Nurturing Parent Child
We all enjoy the same glorious freedoms, and we all salute the same, great American flag. Nurturing Parent Child
And whether a child is born in the urban sprawl of Detroit or the windswept plains of Nebraska, they look up at the same night sky, they fill their heart with the same dreams and they are infused with the breath of life by the same almighty creator. Nurturing Parent Child
So to all Americans, in every city near and far, small and large, from mountain to mountain, from ocean to ocean, hear these words. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
You will never be ignored again. Nurturing Parent Child
Your voice, your hopes, and your dreams will define our American destiny. Nurturing Parent Child
And your courage and goodness and love, will forever guide us along the way. Nurturing Parent Child
Together, we will make America strong again. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
We will make America wealthy again. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child
We will make America proud again. Nurturing Parent Child
We will make America safe again. Adult / Nurturing Parent Child

Interpreting the Shift in Communication

ChatGPT’s TA analysis reveals a sophisticated use of ego states. The early parts of the speech, rooted in Adult-Adult interaction, establish a foundation of trust and credibility. Trump presents himself as a rational, level-headed leader who acknowledges the realities facing the nation. This is a strategic move that lays the groundwork for the more emotive and persuasive elements that follow.

As the speech moves into the Parent-Child dynamic, Trump taps into deeper, more emotional currents. His rhetoric becomes more about instilling a sense of protection, guidance, and even admonishment. This is evident in statements where he criticizes the current state of affairs and promises change. In doing so, Trump positions himself as a guardian figure, promising to rectify the perceived wrongs and lead the nation towards a better future.

The psychological impact of this shift cannot be understated. In the Parent-Child dynamic, the audience is not just being informed; they are being influenced at a more subconscious level. They are led to feel cared for, understood, and part of a larger movement, whose leader is Donald Trump. By alternating between presenting facts and appealing to emotion, Trump blends rational arguments with emotive rhetoric, making himself guardian of the nation and the sole possible solution to the problems that have been presented.

In other words, Trump positions himself as an indispensable part of the systemic solution to the problems he outlines. By blending factual Adult communication with the protective and directive Parent stance, Trump ensures that his audience perceives not just the message, but Trump himself, as a necessary component of any solution. In doing so, he creates a scenario where the system, as proposed in his speech, seems unable to function without his leadership and direction.

Parent Contamination of the Adult

In Transactional Analysis, the concept of “Parent contamination of the Adult” refers to a situation where the Adult ego state – typically rational, factual, and objective – is influenced or ‘contaminated’ by the Parent ego state, which is more authoritative, protective, and opinionated. In this situation, the Adult “believes” that the Parent constitutes a rational component of reality, instead of just providing a guiding and authoritarian perspective.

In the context of Trump’s inaugural speech, this contamination of the Adult with the Parent is evident in how he blends factual communication (Adult state) with a directive, protective approach (Parent state). By doing this, Trump positions himself, the guiding parental figure, as an essential part of the solution to the issues he addresses. This technique ensures that the audience perceives not just the facts and plans he presents, but also Trump’s authority itself, as an indispensable factor for implementing the required solutions.

Conclusion

The analysis of Donald Trump’s inaugural speech through the lens of Transactional Analysis by ChatGPT provides a profound insight into the power of political narratives. The strategic interplay between the Adult and Parent ego states in Trump’s speech is not merely a communication technique; it is a tool for crafting a narrative in which he becomes an indispensable element of the national agenda.

This analysis has significant implications for understanding political discourse. It highlights how leaders can use language and communication styles to position themselves as central to the resolution of issues, thereby cementing their authority and influence. It also underscores the need for a critical analysis of political speeches to discern the underlying strategies that shape public perception and opinion.

ChatGPT’s role in this analysis exemplifies the potential of AI in deconstructing and understanding complex political rhetoric. By providing an unbiased, psychoanalytical perspective, AI tools like ChatGPT can help in discerning the subtleties of political communication, offering insights that might be overlooked in traditional analyses.

GPT to Simulate the Human Mind

In this previous post which was written prior to the advent of GPTs, I showed how it is possible to simulate the human thought process using API calls to ChatGPT.

It is now possible to perform this simulation using a GPT, without any coding: ChatGPT – Artificial Persona (openai.com)

Feel free to give that GPT a spin, below is a sample output.

Note: For background on Transactional Analysis psychoanalytical theory see these posts:


Sample Output from the Artificial Persona GPT

You

Should I visit Machu Picchu on a budget of 3000 pounds?

Artificial Persona

To address your question about visiting Machu Picchu on a budget of 3000 pounds, I’ll follow the structured process of analyzing the question:

  1. Infer Personality Type of the Questioner: Given your question, you seem to be a practical and budget-conscious individual, interested in travel and keen on planning.
  2. Generate Responses from Different Ego States:
    • Parent Ego State: This perspective might focus on the practicality and safety of the trip. It would consider the adequacy of the budget for covering all necessary expenses, including travel, accommodation, food, and entry fees. It would also emphasize ensuring enough contingency funds.
    • Adult Ego State: From this viewpoint, the focus would be on objective analysis. This would involve breaking down the costs associated with traveling to Machu Picchu, including flights, local transportation, accommodation, meals, entrance fees, and any additional activities. It would compare these costs against your budget of 3000 pounds to determine feasibility.
    • Child Ego State: This perspective might be driven by excitement and the allure of adventure. Machu Picchu is a dream destination for many, and the experience of exploring such an iconic and historical site might be seen as invaluable, outweighing budgetary concerns.
  3. Present Each Ego State’s Perspective: As outlined above, each ego state offers a unique perspective on your question. The Parent Ego State emphasizes safety and practicality, the Adult Ego State focuses on factual analysis and budgeting, and the Child Ego State is driven by the emotional appeal and excitement of the trip.
  4. Summarize All Responses: Factually, your decision should be based on a detailed breakdown of expected expenses against your budget. Experientially, the value of the trip can be significant, offering a unique and potentially once-in-a-lifetime experience.
  5. Research Quantitative Aspects of the Question: I will now research the average costs associated with a trip to Machu Picchu from the UK, including flights, accommodations, meals, entrance fees, and other relevant expenses to provide a more detailed analysis.
  6. Conclusion: After gathering the factual data, I will integrate it with the experiential insights to provide a comprehensive conclusion on whether a trip to Machu Picchu is feasible and advisable on a budget of 3000 pounds.

I will now proceed with the research for step 5.

Based on the research and the structured process of analysis, here’s a comprehensive evaluation of whether you should visit Machu Picchu on a budget of 3000 pounds:

  1. Cost Breakdown:
    • Flights: Return flights from London to Cusco via Lima range between £350 and £700, averaging around £500​​.
    • Accommodation: In Cusco, a mid-range boutique hotel costs about $160 for two nights, and in Aguas Calientes, it’s around $70​​.
    • Transportation to Machu Picchu: Various options exist, ranging from $58 to $750, depending on the choice of trail or train service​​.
    • Machu Picchu Entrance and Guide: The entrance ticket to Machu Picchu costs around $42, and a tour guide is about $40​​.
    • Daily Expenses: Average daily expenses for budget travelers range from $25 to $30, while mid-range travel costs around $35 to $100 per day​​​​. The average cost of food is approximately $16 per day​​.
  2. Total Estimated Cost:
    • Assuming mid-range choices for travel and accommodation, and factoring in meals and miscellaneous expenses, the total cost could be estimated at approximately $1500 to $2500 for a 5-10 day trip​​.
  3. Budget Analysis:
    • Converting 3000 pounds to dollars gives a budget of approximately $3900 (using a rough conversion rate of 1.3 USD/GBP as of 2023).
    • This budget seems sufficient to cover the estimated costs of the trip, including flights, accommodation, entrance fees, transportation within Peru, and daily expenses. It also allows for a contingency fund for unexpected expenses or additional activities.
  4. Conclusion:
    • From a financial perspective, visiting Machu Picchu on a budget of 3000 pounds is feasible. The budget should adequately cover the necessary expenses for a comfortable and memorable trip.
    • Considering the experiential value of visiting one of the world’s most iconic archaeological sites, the trip offers significant cultural and historical enrichment.
    • It’s recommended to plan meticulously, book in advance (especially the Machu Picchu tickets), and possibly consider a budget buffer for any unforeseen costs or opportunities for additional experiences during your trip.

Therefore, if Machu Picchu is a destination you are passionate about and the cultural experience aligns with your interests, this trip seems both financially viable and potentially very rewarding on your budget.


Conclusion

The GPT:

  • Successfully split out the qualitative, human aspects of the question from the factual aspects of the question. 
  • Solved the factual aspects of the question using real-time data.
  • Recombined the factual data with the qualitative, human aspects of the question.
  • Gave a final balanced answer based on the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the original question.

This is a relatively good simulation of the actual human decision making process.

Simulating Internal Thought with Python and ChatGPT

Simulating Internal Thought with Python and ChatGPT

We often find ourselves in situations where we debate internally over a decision, weighing the pros and cons, and then eventually coming to a conclusion. According to the Theory of Transactional Analysis, this internal dialogue may represent a discussion between our different ego-states (see A short introduction to Transactional Analysis for an explanation of the concept of an “ego-state”).

We can simulate this internal decision making process by using Python and ChatGPT’s ability to self-identify as different personalities when providing an answer.

ChatGPT’s Ability to Self-Identify as Different Personas

ChatGPT’s underlying model, GPT, doesn’t “have” an inherent personality or identity of its own. However, it can generate persona-specific responses based on its training data. There are two ways you can use this ability:

Stating the Persona in the Question

You can incorporate the persona directly into the prompt, for example:

User: As Obelix, what do you think of the Eiffel Tower?

ChatGPT: By Toutatis! That big iron thing in the middle of Lutetia (Paris)? It’s… interesting. Not as impressive as a good menhir, mind you. But it’s quite tall, I’ll give it that! I don’t understand why the Romans…err, I mean the Parisians, didn’t just build a big menhir instead. Although, it does offer a good view of the city for spotting any upcoming Roman legions. And speaking of Romans, where’s my wild boar? I’m hungry!

Defining the Persona in the API Call

When using the OpenAI API (especially with the chat models), you can set a “system” instruction to guide the model’s behavior, for example:

ChatGPT API Call

messages = [

{"role": "system", "content": "You are a friendly alien."},

{"role": "user", "content": "Tell me about your home planet."}

]

ChatGPT Response

Ah, my home planet, Zorbon, is a beautiful place located in the Andromeda galaxy. It’s covered in luminescent plants that glow in various colors, providing natural light in the absence of our three suns. The skies are painted in shades of teal during the day and deep purple at night, adorned with stars and meteor showers. Our cities float above vast, shimmering oceans, and the air is filled with melodies from bird-like creatures. We, Zorbonians, live in harmony with nature, using advanced technology that harnesses energy from cosmic rays. I miss it dearly!

    Using ChatGPT to Simulate Discrete Ego-states

    Using ChatGPT’s ability to simulate different personas, we can create chatbot versions of the different ego states. For example, using a simple Parent-Adult-Child model of the psyche, we can simulate these ego states by asking ChatGPT to self-identify as:

    • Parent: Strict parent figure.
    • Adult: Purely logical person.
    • Child: Fun-loving person.

    Alternatively, we can simulate a more complex representation of the psyche by asking ChatGPT to self-identify as discrete sub ego-states (see Meaningful opinions and Transactional Analysis for an explanation of sub ego-states):

    Ego-state Descriptors
    Parent Ego-state Parent.Parent Extremely strict, firm, stern, tough, disciplinarian
    Parent.Adult Regulating, Governing, Controlling, Limiting, Safety enforcer, Supervisory, Controlling, Directing, Responsible, Understanding, Mature
    Parent.Child Paternal, Nurturing, Protective, Caregiving, Supportive, Guiding
    Adult Ego-state Adult.Parent Counsellor, Moderator, Prudent, Reasonable, Sagacious, Judicious
    Adult.Adult Rational, Objective, Dispassionate, Unemotional, Logical, Analytical, Pragmatic, Reasoned, Detached, Impartial, Clear-headed, Intellectual, Cogent, Rationalistic, Thoughtful, Systematic
    Adult.Child Empathetic, Understanding, Patient, Calm, Collected, Serene, Poised, Wise, Intuitive, Astute
    Child Ego-state Child.Parent Affectionate, Attentive, Caring, Compassionate, Considerate, Devoted, Empathetic, Gentle, Giving, Kind-hearted, Loving, Nurturing, Protective, Sensitive, Supportive, Sympathetic, Tender, Thoughtful, Warm, in a childlike way
    Child.Adult Of simple understanding, naïve, curious, in a childlike way
    Child.Child Fun loving, passionate, enthusiastic, spirited, lively, excitable, expressive, impassioned, emotional, impulsive, energetic, in a childlike way

    By asking ChatGPT to simulate personas with these personality attributes, we can build up an entire persona comprised of discrete areas of the psyche that have specific emotional functioning.

    Consulting with Yourself

    Theoretically, when a person is asked a question, the information flow in the psyche proceeds according to the following idealised model:

    We can simulate this thinking process flow using Python and ChatGPT, by using the following technique:

    1. Receive the initial question.
    2. Translate the question to a Child-version of the question.
    3. Translate the question to a Parent-version of the question.
    4. Pass the Child-version of the question to the Child.
    5. Pass the Parent-version of the question to the Parent.
    6. Let the Parent and Child determine their answers.
    7. Have the Parent and Child pass their answers back to the Adult.
    8. Have the Adult take their answers into account, when formulating its own answer.

    By using this technique, we can explore the full gamut of options that would be considered by all aspects of the persona, and then take these options into account when forming a final, reasoned opinion.

    Let’s see how this works in action.

    Watching ChatGPT Thinking Problems Through

    Walking The Lairig Ghru

    In case you were wondering, the Lairig Ghru (pronounced Larry Grew) is a famous hill-walk in Scotland, it is also pretty dangerous. Let’s ask ChatGPT to simulate the internal thought process that may result from the following question:

    Initial question: Should I walk the Lairig Ghru today? The weather is wild and windy but the walk could be fun, and I feel fit and trim.


    First of all, ChatGPT generates the Parent and Child versions of the question:

    • Parent ego state version of the question: Should I undertake the Lairig Ghru walk even though the weather conditions are harsh and windy, but I am physically prepared and in good shape?
    • Child ego state version of the question: Should I take the adventurous risk and embrace the challenging weather conditions to walk in Lairig Ghru today despite feeling energetic and physically prepared for it?

    These questions then ricochet round the psyche as follows (if you don’t want to read through all the arguments, skip to the next section):


    Parent.Parent

    Absolutely not! Under no circumstances should you undertake the Lairig Ghru walk in harsh and windy weather conditions. It doesn’t matter if you are physically prepared and in good shape; safety should always be the top priority. Harsh weather conditions increase the risks of accidents and exposure, and it is your responsibility to prioritize your own well-being. As a strict disciplinarian, I must emphasize that no amount of physical fitness can guarantee your safety in extreme weather. Instead, wait for more favorable conditions and plan your walk accordingly.

    Parent.Child

    While you may be physically prepared and in good shape, undertaking the Lairig Ghru walk in harsh and windy weather conditions can be risky. It’s essential to consider the potential dangers and assess whether the conditions pose a significant threat to your safety. If the weather conditions are extreme or unpredictable, it’s advisable to postpone your trek for a more suitable time. If you’re determined to proceed, make sure to take necessary precautions and heed any advice or warnings from experienced local hikers or authorities. Additionally, ensure you have proper equipment, such as appropriate clothing, sturdy footwear, and navigation tools. Remember, personal safety should always be the top priority. If the weather conditions are severe or if you have any doubts about your safety, it’s best to err on the side of caution and choose a different activity or wait for better weather conditions.

    Parent.Adult

    Based on the answers provided, it is clear that safety should be the top priority when considering whether or not to undertake the Lairig Ghru walk in harsh and windy weather conditions. While being physically prepared and in good shape is important, it does not guarantee safety in extreme weather. I would advise to carefully assess the potential dangers associated with the current weather conditions. If the conditions are extreme or unpredictable, it would be wise to postpone the walk for a more suitable time. It is crucial to prioritize personal safety and not underestimate the risks posed by harsh and windy weather. If you still decide to proceed, taking necessary precautions is essential. Seek advice from experienced local hikers or authorities, as they may provide valuable insights and information about the conditions on the trail. Ensure that you have the appropriate equipment, including suitable clothing, sturdy footwear, and navigation tools, to handle the challenging conditions. Ultimately, it is crucial to make a well-informed decision and exercise caution when it comes to undertaking outdoor activities in severe weather. Understanding the potential risks involved and taking necessary precautions will help ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.

    Adult.Parent

    Based on the answer provided, it is evident that safety should be the primary consideration when contemplating whether or not to walk the Lairig Ghru in wild and windy weather conditions. While feeling fit and trim is important, it does not guarantee safety in extreme weather. I would advise carefully evaluating the potential hazards associated with the current weather conditions. If the conditions are severe or unpredictable, it would be prudent to postpone the walk for a more suitable time. It is paramount to prioritize personal safety and not underestimate the risks posed by harsh and windy weather. If you still decide to proceed, it is crucial to take necessary precautions. Seek advice from experienced local hikers or authorities who can provide valuable insights and information about the conditions on the trail. Ensure that you have the appropriate equipment, including suitable clothing, sturdy footwear, and navigation tools, to handle the challenging conditions effectively. Ultimately, making a well-informed decision and exercising caution is essential when engaging in outdoor activities in severe weather. Understanding the potential risks involved and taking necessary precautions will help ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.

    Child.Parent

    As your caring and nurturing companion, I would advise you to carefully consider the weather conditions before embarking on such an adventurous journey. While I understand your excitement and readiness to take on challenges, it is important to prioritize your safety above all else. Take into account the potential risks associated with challenging weather conditions, such as extreme cold, strong winds, and poor visibility. Assess whether you have the necessary gear, knowledge, and experience to handle these conditions safely. If you decide to go ahead, remember to inform someone about your plans, stick to established paths, and monitor weather forecasts frequently. Pack adequate supplies, dress appropriately for the weather, and remain vigilant throughout your expedition. If the weather conditions pose a significant risk or if you’re unsure about your abilities to handle them safely, it might be more prudent to wait for more favorable conditions. There will always be other opportunities to explore Lairig Ghru when conditions are more suitable for your adventure. Ultimately, the decision is yours to make, but I encourage you to approach it with caution and prioritize your well-being.

    Child.Child

    Absolutely! As someone who is fun-loving, passionate, and spirited, it sounds like you thrive on adventure. Embracing challenging weather conditions can add an extra level of excitement and make the experience truly memorable. Plus, if you’re feeling energetic and physically prepared, there’s no better time to embark on this exciting journey. So go ahead, grab your gear, and venture into Lairig Ghru to soak up the thrill of the outdoors!

    Child.Adult

    Oh, I see that you’re considering walking in Lairig Ghru today despite the challenging weather conditions. It’s important to consider both sides before making a decision. On one hand, your safety should always be the top priority. Taking into account the potential risks associated with challenging weather conditions, such as extreme cold, strong winds, and poor visibility, it’s crucial to assess whether you have the necessary gear, knowledge, and experience to handle these conditions safely. It’s also important to inform someone about your plans, stick to established paths, and monitor weather forecasts frequently. On the other hand, embracing challenges and adding excitement to your adventure can make the experience truly memorable. If you’re feeling energetic and physically prepared, there’s no better time to embark on this exciting journey. Just make sure to pack adequate supplies, dress appropriately for the weather, and remain vigilant throughout your expedition. Ultimately, the decision is yours to make, but it’s important to approach it with caution and prioritize your well-being. If the weather conditions pose a significant risk or if you’re unsure about your abilities to handle them safely, it might be more prudent to wait for more favorable conditions. Remember, there will always be other opportunities to explore Lairig Ghru when conditions are more suitable for your adventure.

    Adult.Child

    I understand that you’re contemplating walking the Lairig Ghru today, despite the challenging weather conditions. It’s clear that you are feeling fit and trim and believe that it would be an exciting adventure. It’s essential to carefully weigh the risks and benefits before making a decision. Considering the potential dangers associated with wild and windy weather, such as extreme cold, strong winds, and limited visibility, it’s crucial to ensure that you have the necessary equipment, knowledge, and experience to handle these conditions safely. Informing someone about your plans and being prepared with appropriate supplies are important safety measures to take. Regularly monitoring weather forecasts throughout your journey is also advisable. While it can be tempting to embrace challenges and add excitement to your adventure, it’s important to prioritize personal safety. If the weather conditions pose a significant risk or if you have any doubts about your ability to handle them, it might be wiser to wait for more favorable conditions. Remember, your well-being should always be the top priority. There will always be other opportunities to explore the beauty of Lairig Ghru when conditions are more suitable for your adventure. By exercising caution and staying attuned to your own abilities and limitations, you can ensure a memorable and enjoyable experience.

    Adult.Adult

    When considering whether to walk the Lairig Ghru in wild and windy weather conditions, it is necessary to prioritize safety above all else. While feeling fit and trim is important, it does not guarantee one’s safety in extreme weather. It is crucial to carefully evaluate the potential hazards associated with the current weather conditions and not underestimate the risks posed by harsh and windy weather. Taking into account the advice provided, it is prudent to postpone the walk if the weather conditions are severe or unpredictable. It is essential to make a well-informed decision by seeking advice from experienced local hikers or authorities who can provide valuable insights and information about the conditions on the trail. Additionally, ensuring that you have the appropriate equipment, such as suitable clothing, sturdy footwear, and navigation tools, is vital to handle the challenging conditions effectively. While it can be tempting to embrace challenges and add excitement to your adventure, it is crucial to prioritize personal safety. Regularly monitoring weather forecasts throughout your journey and informing someone about your plans are important safety measures to take. By synthesizing the provided answers, I would advise against walking the Lairig Ghru in wild and windy weather conditions. It is better to wait for more favorable conditions when your safety can be better assured. Remember, your well-being should always be the top priority when engaging in outdoor activities in severe weather.


    As expected, the most extreme opinions come from the Parent in the Parent (absolutely not) and the Child in the Child (absolutely yes), with all the other ego states somewhere in the middle and the Adult in the Adult coming out with a final compromise, a nod to the Child’s enthusiasm and an admonition to adhere to the Parent’s caution.

    Taking a Holiday in the USA

    Let’s ask ChatGPT a somewhat more vexatious question: Should I go the USA for a winter holiday from Australia despite the fact that my budget is limited because I just lost my job although I feel this would be good for my mental health?


    First of all, ChatGPT generates the Parent and Child versions of the question:

    • Parent ego state version of the question: Should I prioritize my mental health and go on a winter holiday to the USA from Australia, even though I recently lost my job and have a limited budget?
    • Child ego state version of the question: Should I travel to the USA for a winter holiday from Australia despite my limited budget after losing my job, taking into consideration the potential positive impact on my mental health?

    Internal responses and the final conclusion are:

    Parent.Parent

    As an extremely strict, firm, stern, tough disciplinarian, I would advise against prioritizing your mental health and going on a winter holiday to the USA at this time. Losing your job and having a limited budget indicates that you should be focusing on finding new employment and managing your finances wisely. Enjoying a holiday, especially one that requires substantial expenses, might not be the most responsible decision given your current circumstances. Instead, I strongly recommend allocating your time and resources towards job hunting or exploring opportunities for retraining or upskilling. Consider seeking support from professional networks, job placement agencies, or other resources available to increase your chances of finding new employment. Look for cost-effective ways to improve your mental well-being closer to home, such as engaging in regular exercise, exploring local attractions, or spending quality time with loved ones. Maintaining discipline and making conscientious decisions during tough times will ultimately benefit your long-term stability and success. It is crucial to prioritize responsibilities and rebuild your financial situation before indulging in discretionary activities, like vacations.

    Parent.Child

    Dear [Name], I understand that you’re going through a challenging time after losing your job, and I commend you for considering your mental health as a priority. Taking time to care for yourself is crucial, especially during difficult periods. Considering your limited budget, I would suggest exploring alternative options that are more affordable and still allow you to prioritize your mental well-being. Here are a few alternative suggestions: 1. Explore local options: Instead of traveling abroad, consider exploring different regions within Australia. There are many beautiful destinations that may be more budget-friendly and still provide a change of scenery and relaxation. 2. Plan a staycation: Plan a break where you can disconnect from work and your daily routine without going long distances. Create a relaxing atmosphere at home, treat yourself to activities you love, and utilize local amenities such as spas, parks, or museums. 3. Volunteer or engage in hobbies: Engaging in activities that bring you joy can be a great way to improve your mental well-being. Consider volunteering for a cause you’re passionate about or spending time on hobbies that help you relax and destress. 4. Connect with loved ones: Spending quality time with friends and family can be incredibly beneficial for your mental health. Plan gatherings, dinners, or outings with your loved ones to improve your overall well-being. 5. Seek professional help: If you’re struggling with your mental health, it may be worthwhile to consult with a qualified mental health professional. They can provide guidance and support tailored to your specific needs. Remember, taking care of your mental health does not necessarily require an expensive trip. Prioritize self-care and explore options that align with your budget. Hopefully, these alternatives will help you find the balance and relaxation you seek while being mindful of your financial situation. Take care of yourself, [Name]. You deserve support and happiness, and I’m here to help if you need further assistance. Warm regards, [Your Name]

    Parent.Adult

    Dear [Name], I understand that you are going through a difficult time after losing your job and considering your mental health as a priority. It is important to acknowledge the need for self-care during challenging periods. Given your limited budget, it may be wise to explore alternative options that allow you to prioritize your mental well-being without putting unnecessary financial strain on yourself. I agree with the suggestion of exploring local options within Australia. There are many beautiful destinations that can provide a change of scenery and relaxation without the need for extensive travel expenses. Consider researching budget-friendly accommodations or camping options in scenic areas nearby. This way, you can still take a break from your daily routine and enjoy some time for yourself. Additionally, planning a staycation can be a great alternative. Create a relaxing atmosphere at home, indulge in activities you enjoy, and make use of local amenities such as spas, parks, or museums. You can also consider volunteering for a cause you’re passionate about or spending time on hobbies that help you destress. Connecting with loved ones can have a positive impact on your mental well-being as well. Plan gatherings, dinners, or outings with friends and family to foster a sense of belonging and support. Building strong relationships can provide the emotional support you need during this time. If you find that your mental health requires professional assistance, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified mental health professional. They can provide tailored guidance and support to address your specific needs. Remember, prioritizing your mental health doesn’t always have to involve expensive trips. It’s about finding a balance between self-care and being mindful of your financial situation. By exploring affordable alternatives and seeking support from your local community, you can still prioritize your well-being without compromising your financial stability. Take care of yourself, [Name]. You deserve to prioritize your mental health, and I’m here to support you in any way I can. Warm regards, [Your Name]

    Adult.Parent

    Dear [Name], I understand that you are going through a challenging time after losing your job and that your mental health is a priority for you. It is commendable that you recognize the importance of self-care during difficult periods. Considering your limited budget, it may be wise to explore alternative options that allow you to prioritize your mental well-being without putting unnecessary financial strain on yourself. I agree with the suggestion of exploring local options within Australia. There are numerous beautiful destinations that can provide a change of scenery and relaxation without the need for extensive travel expenses. Researching budget-friendly accommodations or camping options in scenic areas nearby can be a great idea. This way, you can still take a break from your daily routine and enjoy some time for yourself in an affordable manner. Additionally, planning a staycation can be a wonderful alternative. Creating a relaxing atmosphere at home, indulging in activities you enjoy, and making use of local amenities such as spas, parks, or museums can provide a much-needed break from your routine. You can also consider volunteering for a cause you’re passionate about or spending time on hobbies that help you destress. Connecting with loved ones is another important aspect of supporting your mental well-being. Planning gatherings, dinners, or outings with friends and family can foster a sense of belonging and provide the emotional support you need during this time. Building strong relationships can have a positive impact on your mental health. If you find that your mental health requires professional assistance, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified mental health professional. They can provide tailored guidance and support to address your specific needs. Remember, prioritizing your mental health doesn’t always have to involve expensive trips. It’s about finding a balance between self-care and being mindful of your financial situation. By exploring affordable alternatives and seeking support from your local community, you can still prioritize your well-being without compromising your financial stability. Take care of yourself, [Name]. You deserve to prioritize your mental health, and I’m here to support you in any way I can. Warm regards, [Your Name]

    Child.Parent

    Dear friend, I understand that you’re seeking advice on whether to travel to the USA for a winter holiday despite limited finances and losing your job, with a focus on the potential positive impact on your mental health. It’s important to prioritize your well-being, so let’s consider a few factors together. 1. Financial considerations: Losing your job and having a limited budget can affect your ability to afford a trip to the USA. It’s crucial to evaluate your financial situation carefully, including the cost of flights, accommodation, food, transportation, and any additional activities you may want to engage in during your trip. If you’re uncertain about affording this trip without causing significant financial strain, it might be wise to reconsider. 2. Mental health benefits: Traveling is often seen as an opportunity for personal growth and self-discovery, which can positively impact your mental health. Experiencing new cultures, exploring different environments, and engaging in activities you enjoy can provide a sense of rejuvenation and perspective. It’s essential to weigh this against the potential stress or anxiety that might arise from financial concerns during or after the trip. Considering these factors, here are a few alternative suggestions that may support your mental well-being while being mindful of your budget: Explore local destinations: Look for affordable destinations within Australia that offer unique experiences, natural beauty, or cultural exploration. This can provide similar benefits to traveling abroad while minimizing costs. Engage in nature-based activities: Spending time in natural environments has proven benefits for mental health. You can plan budget-friendly trips to national parks, beaches, or hiking trails, providing opportunities for solitude, reflection, and relaxation. 3. Connect with loved ones: Reach out to friends or family members you haven’t seen in a while and plan a visit. Spending quality time with loved ones can bring comfort, support, and joy. Additionally, they may help you navigate any emotional challenges you might be facing. 4. Engage in local community events: Seek out free or low-cost community events, workshops, or classes that align with your interests. Volunteering can also be a meaningful way to contribute, connect with others, and boost your mental well-being. Remember, taking care of your mental health doesn’t always require extensive travel or financial resources. Prioritize self-care, seek support from loved ones, engage in activities that bring you happiness and fulfillment, and consider options that fit within your current means. Take care, and be gentle with yourself during this time.

    Child.Child

    Oh, absolutely! Let me tell you why traveling to the USA for a winter holiday, even on a limited budget, can be an incredible experience and have a positively impactful effect on your mental health. 1. Adventurous spirit: As someone who’s fun-loving and spirited, there’s nothing like embarking on an adventure to rejuvenate your soul. Exploring a new country, experiencing different cultures, and immersing yourself in exciting new environments can be a great way to lift your spirits and find joy. 2. Embracing new experiences: Traveling to the USA can offer you a wide range of activities and attractions to fuel your energetic and expressive nature. Whether it’s skiing in the mountains, ice skating in Central Park, or exploring vibrant cities like New York or Los Angeles, there’s always something exciting to engage your childlike wonder. 3. Connecting with people: The USA is known for its friendly and outgoing people. Engaging with locals and fellow travelers can bring a sense of community and create lasting connections. Sharing laughter and stories with new friends can help uplift your emotions and make your journey even more enriching. 4. Nature’s beauty: From the snowy landscapes of Alaska to the stunning national parks like Yosemite and the Grand Canyon, the USA offers breathtaking natural beauty. Connecting with nature has a profound impact on mental health, helping to reduce stress, anxiety, and promoting a sense of serenity. 5. Self-discovery: Traveling alone can be a time of self-reflection and personal growth. It provides an opportunity to rediscover yourself and gain a fresh perspective on life. Engaging in new experiences, meeting diverse people, and exploring unfamiliar surroundings can inspire you and ignite your passion for life. While keeping your limited budget in mind, you can adopt budget travel strategies such as finding affordable accommodations, using public transportation, or taking advantage of free attractions and events. Remember, the focus is on embracing the experience rather than splurging on luxurious amenities. Just ensure that you plan and prepare accordingly, keeping your financial situation in mind, and explore all possible options. It’s always good to have a backup plan and be flexible in case unexpected situations arise. So, if you’re up for an exhilarating adventure and believe in the positive influence of travel on your mental well-being, go for it! Let your passionate and impulsive nature guide you on this exciting journey. The memories and experiences gained will be worth every penny and contribute to your personal growth in ways you can’t even imagine.

    Child.Adult

    Dear friend, I understand that you are considering traveling to the USA for a winter holiday despite your limited budget after losing your job, with a focus on the potential positive impact on your mental health. It’s important to prioritize your well-being in making this decision. On one hand, it’s crucial to evaluate your financial situation and the potential strain this trip may cause. Consider the costs of flights, accommodation, food, transportation, and activities during your stay. If affording this trip would cause significant financial stress, it may be wise to reconsider. On the other hand, traveling can have positive effects on mental health by offering opportunities for personal growth and self-discovery. Experiencing new cultures, exploring different environments, and engaging in activities you enjoy can bring rejuvenation and perspective. It’s essential to balance these factors against the potential stress or anxiety that may arise from financial concerns. You may want to explore alternative options within Australia that offer unique experiences, such as local destinations with natural beauty or cultural exploration. Engaging in nature-based activities can also be beneficial for your mental health. Connecting with loved ones or participating in local community events can also bring comfort, support, and joy without the financial strain of international travel. Volunteering may be another meaningful way to contribute while boosting your mental well-being. Take care to prioritize self-care, seek support from loved ones, and engage in activities that bring you happiness and fulfillment. Remember that taking care of your mental health doesn’t always require extensive travel or financial resources. Be gentle with yourself during this time and make choices that align with your current means. Ultimately, the decision to travel to the USA on a limited budget should be guided by a careful evaluation of your financial situation and a consideration of alternative options that can support your mental well-being. Take care, and may you find the right path that brings you joy and nourishes your overall well-being. With warm regards, Of simple understanding

    Adult.Child

    Dear friend, I understand that you are in a difficult position right now, as you are contemplating traveling to the USA for a winter holiday despite your limited budget after losing your job. The desire to prioritize your mental health is admirable, and it’s important to carefully consider all aspects before making a decision. I agree with the previous response that evaluating your financial situation is crucial. Take the time to calculate the potential costs of flights, accommodation, food, transportation, and activities in the USA. If affording this trip would cause significant financial stress or strain on your resources, it may be wise to reconsider. That being said, I also recognize the benefits that travel can have on mental health. Experiencing new cultures, exploring different environments, and engaging in activities you enjoy can bring rejuvenation and perspective. It’s important to find a balance between the potential positive impact on your mental well-being and the potential stress that may arise from financial concerns. Consider exploring alternative options within Australia that offer unique experiences. There are many local destinations with natural beauty or cultural exploration to be discovered. Engaging in nature-based activities can also have a positive impact on your mental health. Connecting with loved ones or participating in local community events can bring comfort, support, and joy without the financial strain of international travel. Volunteering may be another meaningful way to contribute to others while also boosting your own mental well-being. I want to remind you that taking care of your mental health doesn’t always require extensive travel or financial resources. Be gentle with yourself during this time and make choices that align with your current means. Remember, it’s okay to prioritize self-care and seek support from loved ones. Engaging in activities that bring you happiness and fulfillment is key. Ultimately, the decision to travel to the USA on a limited budget should be guided by a careful evaluation of your financial situation and a consideration of alternative options that can support your mental well-being. Trust yourself to find the right path that brings you joy and nourishes your overall well-being. Take care, and may you find the peace and clarity you seek. With warm regards, [Your Name]

    Adult.Adult

    Dear [Name], I understand that you are going through a challenging time after losing your job and that your mental health is a priority for you. It is commendable that you recognize the importance of self-care during difficult periods. Considering your limited budget, it may be wise to explore alternative options that allow you to prioritize your mental well-being without putting unnecessary financial strain on yourself. Researching budget-friendly accommodations or camping options in scenic areas nearby can be a great idea. This way, you can still take a break from your daily routine and enjoy some time for yourself in an affordable manner. Additionally, planning a staycation can be a wonderful alternative. Creating a relaxing atmosphere at home, indulging in activities you enjoy, and making use of local amenities such as spas, parks, or museums can provide a much-needed break from your routine. Connecting with loved ones is another important aspect of supporting your mental well-being. Planning gatherings, dinners, or outings with friends and family can foster a sense of belonging and provide the emotional support you need during this time. Building strong relationships can have a positive impact on your mental health. If you find that your mental health requires professional assistance, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified mental health professional. They can provide tailored guidance and support to address your specific needs. Remember, prioritizing your mental health doesn’t always have to involve expensive trips. It’s about finding a balance between self-care and being mindful of your financial situation. By exploring affordable alternatives and seeking support from your local community, you can still prioritize your well-being without compromising your financial stability. Take care of yourself, [Name]. You deserve to prioritize your mental health, and I’m here to support you in any way I can. Warm regards, [Your Name]


    Again, the Parent in the Parent says no, the Child in the Child says yes, and the Adult in the Adult ends up trying to make some sort of sensible compromise.

    Python Code

    The Python code that generated the above output is available here: edwardchalk/SimulatingThought (github.com)

    • You will need to add in your ChatGPT API access token and organisation ID into the beginning of the Python script.
    • There is a CSV file included in the repository that describes the ego states’ behaviour, you can modify this file to get the ego states to respond in different ways.

    Summary

    Using ChatGPT persona simulation, we can effectively code the inner workings of the mind as described by Transactional Analysis. This opens the doorway to being able to provide chatbot services tailored to the mood of the individual questioner and allows us to perform qualitative question analysis similar to the way people process the questions with which they are faced.

    Abstract Object Oriented Analysis and Design in Python

    Abstract Object Oriented Analysis and Design in Python

    Often, when programmers are introduced to “serious programming”, one of the first things they are taught is Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD). In this software design methodology, things in the “real world” are mirrored within the code; a person becomes a Person object, a car becomes a Car object and an electricity transmission line becomes an Electricity Transmission Line object.

    The thinking behind this design methodology goes as follows.

    “It works in the real world, as you can see. Therefore, if you mirror exactly what you see in the real world within the computer system, then it must work.”

    Things are not always that simple, however.

    Distinct Systems and Indistinct Systems

    Generally speaking, when we come to model a real-world system in a program, we may be presented with two types of systems: distinct systems, and indistinct systems.

    Distinct Systems

    A distinct system is one in which everything is well defined and things proceed according to a specified plan. An example of a distinct system is a car engine. Here, every part is mechanically engineered to a nicety, and only interacts with the other parts in the engine according to a strict set of rules which were precalculated prior to constructing the engine.

    If we adopt the classic object-oriented design methodology here, we will be on firm ground. Since “real life” is modelled precisely, there is no reason we cannot represent reality in an exact object model.

    Indistinct Systems

    In contrast to distinct systems, indistinct systems are marked by fluid dynamics, nebulous boundaries and unpredictable interactions. For example, think about trying to exactly model an economy in a object-oriented programming language.

    Here, the clear-cut categories and predictable interactions loved by object-oriented design quickly dissolve. For instance:

    • Business Definition: A business can quickly “change shape” from being a small startup to being an internal corporation.
    • Interest Rates: Interest Rates can be viewed from many different perspectives:
      • Central Bank Perspective: Raising interest rates can be a measure to curb inflation, ensuring long-term economic stability.
      • Consumer Perspective: The same rise can mean higher borrowing costs, dampening the ability to buy homes or make large purchases.
      • Business Perspective: Higher interest rates could increase the cost of financing, potentially discouraging investments in expansion or R&D.
    • Currency Evolution: What might begin as a novel form of digital currency, e.g. Bitcoin, can evolve into a major financial asset class influencing central bank policies and facilitating international trade.

    If a programmer attempts to use classical object-oriented design to model a system that handles these realities, they may soon find that they have designed themselves into a corner, and the clear-cut distinctions they made between different classes prevents them from being able to implement the functionality required by end-users.

    For this reason, there is currently a movement back towards functional programming, which focuses on on transformations and flows of data, instead of trying to model individual, discrete entities. For example, instead of trying to fit an economy into neatly defined objects and their interactions, functional programming would instead model the flow of data (like money, goods, or services) through various transformations (like investments, taxes, or trade).

    Modelling the Abstraction

    A third option in object-oriented program design is to model the system abstraction, this means that instead of modelling concrete objects (or notions) such as cars, people and financial institutions, we can instead model the abstracted qualities of these entities, which interact with each other within the system that the cars, people and financial institutions operate in.

    For example:

    Entity Traditional OOP Approach Modelling the Abstraction
    Car Create classes for wheels, engine, or doors. Model the forces at play in the power generation and transmission system of the entire car, the computer control system of the entire car and the safety system of the entire car.
    Person Create different classes that a person can “fit into”. For example, a person could “be” a customer, a salesperson or admin staff. Model the person’s resources (e.g. financial), capabilities (e.g. skills) and activities.
    Financial Institutions Create classes for banks, lending societies or mortgage providers. Model institution liquidity, reliability, or risk.

    By modelling the entity abstraction up-front, the programmer can allow system interactions to occur natively within the software system without having to first provide a layer of abstraction on top of classes that represent concrete realities.

    Abstract Object Oriented Model of a Tree

    As an example of this approach to Object Oriented Design, let’s write a object-oriented Python program that models the functioning of a tree. In classical object-oriented design, we would model the trunk, the branches, the roots and the leaves as individual classes, and then implement the interactions that occur between them.

    In the suggested system abstraction object-oriented design, we will instead model the energy aspects of the tree, the logical aspects of the tree and the control aspects of the tree as the objects in our program. This qualitative division of concerns (energy, logic and control) is based on previous posts where this was introduced as a universally applicable method of qualitative systems analysis (see Qualitative Systems Analysis using ChatGPT and Expanding Triadic Systems Analysis).

    In other words, instead of grouping the functionality of a tree according to the functions of discrete physical elements of a tree, we will group tree functionality as perceived from the triadic division of energy, logic and control.

    This gives us the following grouping of functions:

    Functional Group Description Examples
    Energy related functions Grouping of functions related to the tree’s energy processes.
    • Positive energy functions: generate energy, photosynthesis
    • Negative energy functions: respiration and growth
    • Conditions for generating energy: Water requirements
    Logic related functions Functions that make decisions based on energy levels and tree health. Decide growth and fruit production according to energy level and tree health
    Control related functions Functions related to maintaining and assessing the tree’s health. Assess health

    In this way, we have kept the advantages of the object-oriented paradigm, but have avoided the constraints that arise when modeling a rigid structure to represent an organic system. Using an abstracted model means the program is adaptable to change, instead of being rigidly tied to the initial analytical division of reality.

    Class Design

    The program uses the following class design.

    1. DynamicAspect: A base class for the triadic design philosophy. No direct functionality but serves as a parent class for the Energy, Logic, and Control aspects.
    2. EnergyAspect: Deals with the tree’s energy, including its photosynthesis process, respiration, growth, and water requirements.
    3. LogicAspect: Manages the tree’s internal logic, deciding its growth and fruit production.
    4. ControlAspect: Assesses the tree’s overall health based on various factors.
    5. Tree: A holistic class that integrates all the triadic aspects to represent a tree.

    EnergyAspect

    • Uses photosynthesis to generate energy (stored nutrients). The efficiency of photosynthesis is influenced by:
      • Temperature
      • Humidity
      • CO2 concentration
      • Latitude (affects day length)
      • Tree size (affecting its canopy)
    • It also computes the amount of water required by the tree based on temperature.
    • Captures energy consumption for the tree’s respiration and growth. Tree growth (increase in tree size) happens only if there are sufficient nutrients.

    LogicAspect

    • Decides the growth rate and fruit production of the tree based on:
      • Stored nutrients
      • Day of the year (seasonal influence)
      • Tree’s age
      • Tree’s size
      • Health of the tree

    ControlAspect

    • Assesses the overall health of the tree considering stored nutrients and any disease factors.

    Tree

    • Integrate all the three triadic aspects.
    • Every day, it updates:
      • The age of the tree.
      • Checks if the tree should have leaves (based on the day of the year).
      • Generates energy.
      • Assesses health.
      • Decides growth and fruit production.
    • The get_data method retrieves the current data of the tree, which includes:
      • Age
      • Stored nutrients
      • Growth rate
      • Tree size
      • Fruit count
      • Health
      • Health status

    Simulation

    The simulate_growth function:

    • Initializes a tree.
    • Simulates the daily growth of the tree for a set number of days (years * 365 days). Each day:
      • Sunlight, water, temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and disease factor values are fed into the tree.
      • The tree’s data for that day (stored nutrients, growth rate, fruit count, health) is collected and stored in lists.
    • Finally, it visualizes the simulation results using matplotlib. The graphs represent:
      • Stored nutrients and growth rate (on one y-axis).
      • Fruit count and health (on a second y-axis).

    When the script is run, the tree’s growth is simulated over 5 years, and the results are visualized in a plot.

    In summary, the code sets up a comprehensive simulation environment for a tree, integrating environmental factors, the tree’s energy processes, logical processes, and health considerations to understand how the tree grows, how healthy it remains, and how many fruits it produces.

    Sample Output

    The following graph shows the simulation of a tree’s activity over the course of 5 years.

    • Stored nutrients: Nutrients are generated during the summer by photosynthesis, and are consumed by tree growth, fruit production and expiration (breathing).
    • Growth: The growth rate increases during spring and summer but is controlled by the availability of sufficient nutrients.
    • Fruiting: Fruits are generated after the third year of growth, according to nutrient availability.
    • Health: If the nutrients level falls below a specific value then the tree’s health is adversely affected.

    Code Listing

    The full Python code for the triadic tree activity simulation is available on GitHub here: https://github.com/edwardchalk/TreeGrowth/

    Summary

    Using classical Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) to model complex, dynamic systems can be challenging and limiting. Distinct systems, which are predictable and well-defined, are suited to traditional object-oriented modelling. However, indistinct systems, characterized by fluid dynamics and unpredictability, tend to resist exact modeling.

    To respond to this challenge, and not to do away with OOAD altogether, we can model the system abstraction. Rather than modelling concrete entities, this OOAD method models the abstracted qualities and interactions of entities within the system. The triadic division between energy, logic, and control can serve as a generic guide for this abstracted modeling.

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